Hypospadias

Hypospadias is a common congenital anomaly of penis when the urinary opening is situated on the undersurface of the penis instead of the tip of penis and is usually associated with other problems like downward bent of penis ( CHORDEE), SMALL SIZED PENIS AND GLANS, POOR URETHRAL TISSUE AND HYPOPLASTIC PENILE SHAFT, PENILE TORSION, PENOSCROTAL PROBLEMS AND FORESKIN ABNORMALITY AND SOMETIMES MAY BE ASSOIATED WITH ABNORMALITIES OF SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION.

So, the spectrum is varied and needs a thorough surgical planning for better counselling and optimal outcome in terms of functionality and cosmesis.

The problem demands attention for good number of reasons.

• Fairly common ( 1 in 150 to 1 in 300 boys) and rough estimate in INDIA 🇮🇳 is 70000-75000 boys may be born with Hypospadias every year that is a subject of appraisal.
• Unlike most of congenital abnormalities seen in low socioeconomic group and antenatal detection , Hypospadias has no such predilection and more industrialization ( use of plastics, pesticides) has implications and use of IVF has increased chances of more offsprings with Hypospadias.
• The condition is versatile with more than 200 techniques described and none is yet fulfilling for 💯 percent success. outcome.
• Single most important factor influencing the success is UNDERSTANDING, SKILL AND EXPERTISE of surgeon. Thus, this surgery remains a challenge even for the expert surgeons.